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Access NCERT Solutions for Social Science – Our Pasts-2 Chapter 7 – Eighteenth-Century Political Formations
1. Match the following.
Ans: (i)-(c); (ii)-(e); (iii)-(a); (iv)-(f); (v)-(g); (vi)-(d); (vii)-(b)
2. Fill in the blanks.
(a) Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the___________.
(b) Umara and Jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal ___________ .
(c) Asaf Jah founded the Hyderabad state in ___________.
(d) The founder of the Awadh state was ___________.
Ans:
- Aurangzeb fought a protracted war in the Deccan.
- Umara and Jagirdars constituted powerful sections of the Mughal administration.
- Asaf Jah founded the Hyderabad state in 1724.
- The founder of the Awadh state was Burhan-ul-Mulk Sa’adat Khan.
3. State whether true or false.
(a) Nadir Shah invaded Bengal.
(b) Sawai Raja Jai Singh was the ruler of Indore.
(c) Guru Gobind Singh was the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
(d) Poona became the capital of the Marathas in the eighteenth century.
Ans:
(a) False
(b) False
(c) True
(d) True
4. What were the offices held by Sa’adat Khan?
Ans: Sa’adat Khan held the positions of subadari, diwani, and faujdari.
5. Why did the Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal try to do away with the Jagirdari system?
Ans: The Nawabs of Awadh and Bengal attempted to abolish the Jagirdari system in order to reduce cheating and Mughal influence in their own kingdoms. The Nawabs lowered the extent of Jagirs and recruited loyal subordinates to execute the tasks because the Mughal Jagirdars were corrupt. They audited the Jagirdar’s books, and officials designated by the Nawab’s court appraised the districts’ revenues.
6. How were the Sikhs organized in the eighteenth century?
Ans: The Sikhs formed themselves into a variety of bands called jathas, and later misls, in the eighteenth century. The vast army was the name given to their combined forces (dal khalsa). During Baisakhi and Diwali, the entire body would gather in Amritsar to make collective decisions known as “resolutions of the Guru (gurmatas).” Rakhi, a system that provides protection to growers in exchange for a 20% tax on their produce, was created. Guru Gobind Singh invented the khalsa, which assisted Sikhs in defeating Mughal rulers and then Ahmad Shah Abdali, who had captured the Mughals’ opulent Punjab province and the Sarkar of Sirhind.
7. Why did the Marathas want to expand beyond the Deccan?
Ans: The Marathas desired to extend beyond the Deccan in order to gain control over trade and agriculture. They had developed a sophisticated and efficient administrative system, allowing them to consider pushing beyond the Deccan in search of greater power and resources.
8. What were the policies adopted by Asaf Jah to strengthen his position?
Ans: Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah, the founder of the kingdom of Hyderabad, was a strong member of the Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar court. Asaf Jah strengthened his position by:
- Bringing talented warriors and officials from northern India, who were excited about the new chances in the south.
- Appointing mansabdars and granting Jagirs.
- Without seeking instructions from Delhi or encountering any interference, he ruled in his own right. The Mughal emperor merely supported the Nizam’s judgments.
- He consolidated power by taking advantage of the Deccan’s turmoil and competition among the court nobility.
NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History Chapter 10 – Free PDF Download
This is the proper place to urge the NCERT Solution for Class 7 History Chapter 10. The answers for Class 7 SST History Chapter 10 eighteenth – century political formations present a PDF format that is well-drafted by the experienced teachers and can be downloaded for free.
Chapter 10 – Eighteen Century Political Formations
In CH 10 History Class 7, it states that The Mughal Empire had to face a spread of crises towards the closing years of the 17th century. Some things led to the decline of the Mughal Empire. Emperor Aurangzeb fought an extended war within the Deccan. As an aftereffect, the military and financial resources of his empire got depleted. Learn more about how The Mughal Empire had to face a spread of crises from the NCERT Solutions for Class 7th History Chapter 10 given by the experts.
Hyderabad
- The solutions provide a detailed and simplified account of Hyderabad’s history, covering its significance as the capital of Telangana, an Indian state.
- Hyderabad is renowned for its historical monuments, temples, mosques, and bustling bazaars, all of which are explored in the solutions.
- The chapter delves into the period when the first Nizam of Hyderabad emerged victorious over the town in 1724, following a brief Mughal rule.
- The Nizams later entered into a subsidiary alliance with the British, resulting in the formation of Hyderabad State, which held the status of being the crucial princely state in British India, with Hyderabad as its capital.
- The solutions shed light on the advancements that took place in Hyderabad during this era, including the development of industries, railways, modern education, and airways.
- The chapter also covers the events after India gained independence in 1947, when the Nizam hesitated to accede his state to the newly formed nation, leading to the annexation of Hyderabad by the Indian Army in 1948.
- All these historical aspects and events are comprehensively explained in the CBSE Class 7 History Chapter 10 solutions, providing a deeper understanding of Hyderabad’s history and its significance.
Bengal
Learn about the History of Bengal from the NCERT Solution for Class 7th History Chapter 10. In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, Isa Khan, a Muslim Rajput chief, dominated the Bengal delta. Murshid Quli Khan was appointed as the Diwan of Bengal by Aurangzeb. He tried to avoid wasting lots and lots of his province’s interest by preventing the gathering of revenues by the English Malay Archipelago Company.
The Marathas
The existence of the empire was from 1674 with the enthronement of Shivaji because of the Chhatrapati. It led to 1818 with the defeat of Peshwa Bajirao II at the British Malay Archipelago Company’s hands. The Marathas are credited to an outsized extent for ending Mughal rule over most of the Indian subcontinent. Get conversant in Marathas’s History with the assistance of the NCERT Solutions for Class 7th Social Science History Chapter 10.
The Jats
The Jats came to prominence within the seventeenth century, once they rebelled against the Moghul Emperor Aurangzeb’s atrocities. In 1661, the Jats of Bharatpur were sharpened when a Muslim officer demolished a temple to exchange it with a mosque. He also apparently harassed the populace daily.
The Sikhs
- The NCERT Solution Class 7th History Chapter 10 provides a straightforward description of the history of Sikhs.
- Sikhism was initiated by Baba Nanak, and Guru Gobind Singh Ji organized the religious practices and established the Khalsa on April 13, 1699.
- Guru Gobind Singh Ji baptized five individuals from different parts of India and diverse social backgrounds to form the Khalsa, known as the “Pure Ones.”
- The history of Sikhism is closely intertwined with the socio-political situation in the northwest region of the Indian subcontinent, particularly Punjab, during the 16th century.
- Sikhism faced severe oppression under the Mughal rulers, leading to the torture and execution of prominent Sikh figures who resisted their orders.
- Out of the ten Sikh gurus, two gurus were themselves tortured and executed, while many others, along with revered Sikh figures, were brutally killed for opposing the persecution of Sikhs.
- The NCERT Solution of History Class 7 Chapter 10 covers the entire concept, providing a comprehensive understanding of the history of Sikhs and the Kingdom of the Khalsa.
Key Features of NCERT Solutions for Class 7 History Chapter 10
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- The solutions simplify the questions and answers from the NCERT books, making the study material more accessible.
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